Biophysical forces in membrane bending and traffic |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Biomedical Engineering, 107 W. Dean Keeton St., C0800, Austin, TX, 78712, USA;2. Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Norman Hackerman Building, 100 East 24th St., NHB 4500, Austin, TX, 78712, USA;1. Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania;2. Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania;1. Department of Chemistry, Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, James Franck Institute and Computation Institute, The University of Chicago, 5735 S Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA;2. Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, F-75248 Paris, France;3. Université Paris Diderot, F-75205 Paris, France;4. CNRS, Matière et Systèmes Complexes, UMR 7057, F-75205 Paris, France;5. CNRS, PhysicoChimie Curie, UMR 168, F-75248 Paris, France;6. Université Pierre et Marie Curie, F-75252 Paris, France;1. Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas;2. Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul, South Korea;3. Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas;4. Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas;5. Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas;1. Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California San Diego Jacobs School of Engineering, 9500 Gilman Drive #0411, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA;2. Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA;1. The University of Queensland, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia;2. The University of Queensland, Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia;1. Laboratoire Physico Chimie Curie, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR168, 75005 Paris, France;2. Sorbonne Universités, UPMC University Paris 06, 75005 Paris, France;3. Department of Chemistry, Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, 5735 S. Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA;4. Subcellular Structure and Cellular Dynamics Unit, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR144, 75005 Paris, France;5. Chemical Biology of Membranes and Therapeutic Delivery Unit, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR3666, INSERM U1143, 75005 Paris, France;6. Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK;7. Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen’s University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK;8. Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt School of Medicine, 718 Light Hall, Nashville, TN 37232, USA;9. Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore;10. Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes, CNRS UMR7057, 75205 Paris, France |
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| Abstract: | Intracellular trafficking requires extensive changes in membrane morphology. Cells use several distinct molecular factors and physical cues to remodel membranes. Here, we highlight recent advances in identifying the biophysical mechanisms of membrane curvature generation. In particular, we focus on the cooperation of molecular and physical drivers of membrane bending during three stages of vesiculation: budding, cargo selection, and scission. Taken together, the studies reviewed here emphasize that, rather than a single dominant mechanism, several mechanisms typically work in parallel during each step of membrane remodeling. Important challenges for the future of this field are to understand how multiple mechanisms work together synergistically and how a series of stochastic events can be combined to achieve a deterministic result—assembly of the trafficking vesicle. |
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