Computational approaches from polymer physics to investigate chromatin folding |
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Institution: | 1. Group of Data Modeling, Computational Biology and Predictive Medicine, Institut de Biologie, CNRS/INSERM/PSL Ecole Normale Supérieure, Paris, 75005, France;2. Center for Advanced Imaging, Northwest Building, 52 Oxford St, Suite 147, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA;3. Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA;4. The Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA |
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Abstract: | Microscopy and sequencing-based technologies are providing increasing insights into chromatin architecture. Nevertheless, a full comprehension of chromosome folding and its link with vital cell functions is far from accomplished at the molecular level. Recent theoretical and computational approaches are providing important support to experiments to dissect the three-dimensional structure of chromosomes and its organizational mechanisms. Here, we review, in particular, the String&Binders polymer model of chromatin that describes the textbook scenario where contacts between distal DNA sites are established by cognate binders. It has been shown to recapitulate key features of chromosome folding and to be able at predicting how phenotypes causing structural variants rewire the interactions between genes and regulators. |
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Keywords: | Chromatin organization Polymer models SBS model Loop extrusion model Structural variants Statistical mechanics EPHA4 Pitx1 |
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