Zinc nutritional status influences ZnT1 and ZIP4 gene expression in children with a high risk of zinc deficiency |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Postgraduate Program in Applied Human Nutrition (PRONUT), Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 580, Bloco 14, Butantã, 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil;2. Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Sergipe, Av. Universitária Marcelo Deda Chagas, 13. Jardim Campo Novo, 49400-000. Lagarto, SE, Brazil;3. Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Sergipe, Av. Marechal Rondon s/n. Jardim Rosa Elze, 49100-000, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil;1. Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Rehabilitation, 2nd Chair of Eye Diseases, Medical University of Lodz, Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Łódź, Poland;2. Department of Bioinorganic Chemistry, Chair of Medicinal Chemistry, Medical University of Lodz, Muszyńskiego 1, 90-151 Łódź, Poland;1. Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, China;2. Key Lab of Environmental Hazard and Health of Shanxi Province, Shanxi Medical University, China;3. Key Lab of Cellular Physiology of Education Ministry, Shanxi Medical University, China;4. Sixth Hospital of Shanxi Medical University (General Hospital of Tisco), China;1. Laboratory of Microscopy Applied to Reproduction, Department of Histology, Embryology and Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiania, Goias 74001970, Brazil;2. Laboratory of Microscopy and Microanalysis, Department of Biology, University Estadual Paulista – UNESP, Rua Cristóvão Colombo, 2265, São José do Rio Preto, Sao Paulo 15054000, Brazil;3. Laboratory of Molecular and Biochemistry Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiania Goias 74001970, Brazil;1. Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, İnönü University, Faculty of Medicine, Malatya,Turkey;2. Department of Pediatric Neurology, İnönü University, Faculty of Medicine, Malatya,Turkey;3. Department of Medicinal Biochemistry, İnönü University, Faculty of Medicine, Malatya, Turkey |
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| Abstract: | IntroductionSubclinical deficiency of zinc is associated with impairment of immune system function, growth, and cognitive development in children. Although plasma zinc is the best available biomarker of the risk of zinc deficiency in populations, its sensitivity for early detection of deficiency is limited. Therefore, we aimed to investigate zinc deficiency among preschool children and its relationship with whole blood gene expression of zinc transporters ZIP4 and ZnT1.Material and methodsThis cross-sectional study included 139 children aged 32–76 months enrolled in philanthropic day-care centers. We performed an anthropometric evaluation, weighed food record and dietary record for dietary assessment, blood sample collection for zinc, and whole blood gene expression analyses of ZnT1 (SLC30A1) and ZIP4 (SLC39A4).ResultsZinc deficiency was observed in 26.6 % of the children despite adequate zinc intake and a phytate:zinc molar ratio < 18. Usual zinc intake did not affect whole blood gene expression of zinc transporters, but zinc status influenced ZnT1 and ZIP4 whole blood mRNA. Children with zinc deficiency exhibited 37.1 % higher ZnT1 expression and 45.3 % lower ZIP4 expression than children with adequate zinc (p < 0.05).ConclusionChildren with plasma zinc deficiency exhibited higher expression of ZnT1 and lower expression of ZIP4 in whole blood mRNA, reinforcing the existence of strong regulation of mineral homeostasis according to the nutritional status, indicating that this analysis may be useful in the evaluation of dietary interventions. |
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| Keywords: | SLC30A1 SLC39A4 Zinc deficiency Preschool children Phytate:zinc molar ratio |
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