Conceptualizing microbe–plasmid communities as complex adaptive systems |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be''er-Sheva, Israel;1. cE3c – Center for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Change, CHANGE – Global Change and Sustainability Institute, & Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal;2. Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal;3. Departamento de Microbiología, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IRYCIS), and Centro de Investigación Médica en Red – Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain;4. Centro de Psicologia, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal;5. Escola Superior de Educação de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal;1. State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China;1. School of Mathematics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China;2. Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;3. Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;4. Shandong National Center for Applied Mathematics, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China;1. Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA;2. Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA;1. College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia;1. Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia;2. School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia;3. Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA;4. Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA |
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| Abstract: | Plasmids shape microbial communities’ diversity, structure, and function. Nevertheless, we lack a mechanistic understanding of how community structure and dynamics emerge from local microbe–plasmid interactions and coevolution. Addressing this gap is challenging because multiple processes operate simultaneously at multiple levels of organization. For example, immunity operates between a plasmid and a cell, but incompatibility mechanisms regulate coexistence between plasmids. Conceptualizing microbe–plasmid communities as complex adaptive systems is a promising approach to overcoming these challenges. I illustrate how agent-based evolutionary modeling, extended by network analysis, can be used to quantify the relative importance of local processes governing community dynamics. These theoretical developments can advance our understanding of plasmid ecology and evolution, especially when combined with empirical data. |
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