Variation of muscle recruitment during exercises performed below horizontal arm elevation that target the lower trapezius: A repeated measures cross-sectional study on asymptomatic individuals |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada;2. School of Physiotherapy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand;1. Department of Sports Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China;2. Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China;3. Center for Psychological Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China;4. Accademia di Belle Arti di Brera, Milan, Italy;1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, United States;2. Warfighter Performance Department, Naval Health Research Center, United States;3. Military and Veterans Health Solutions, Leidos, Inc, United States;4. Quantitative Biosciences and Engineering Program, Colorado School of Mines, United States;1. La Trobe University, School of Allied Health, Human Services, and Sport, Australia;2. University of Queensland, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Australia;3. La Trobe Sports and Exercise Medicine Research Center, La Trobe University;1. Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil;2. Center for Neuroplasticity and Pain (CNAP), Department of Health Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark;3. Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italy;4. Department of Materials and Production, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark;1. Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan;2. Institute for Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Nishi-Tokyo, Japan;3. Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Nishi-Tokyo, Japan;1. The University of Queensland, NHMRC Centre of Clinical Research Excellence in Spinal Pain, Injury & Health, School of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences, QLD 4072, Australia;2. Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche en réadaptation et integration sociale (CIRRIS), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada |
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| Abstract: | The gold standard exercise for recruitment of the lower trapezius is the Y prone exercise which is performed above 90° of shoulder elevation. However, clinicians often prescribe exercises that avoid high elevation postures during early stages of rehabilitation. Comparatively little data exists on relative muscle recruitment during lower arm elevation exercises. This study examined the EMG activity of four shoulder girdle muscles during four exercises accomplished below 90° of shoulder elevation and compared them to the Y prone while considering sex effects. Variance across exercises of the ratio between upper trapezius and lower trapezius was also explored. 32 healthy participants completed standardized muscle-specific MVCs and two repetitions of each exercise. The side lying external rotation and the wall slide exercises produced the highest peak EMG for the lower trapezius, both 33 and 29% lower than the Y Prone. For the upper trapezius to lower trapezius ratio, the side lying external rotation elicited the lowest value, followed by the Y prone and wall slide (53 and 59% respectively higher). Sex influenced some EMG values, typically interacting with exercise type. Thus, side lying external rotation and the wall slide are recommended for targeting the lower trapezius muscle during early rehabilitation. |
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| Keywords: | Electromyography Lower trapezius Shoulder rehabilitation Exercise |
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