The abortive infection functions of CRISPR-Cas and Argonaute |
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| Affiliation: | 1. State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology and College of Life Science and Technology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070 Wuhan, China;2. CRISPR and Archaea Biology Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Binhai Road 72, Jimo, 266237, Qingdao, China;1. Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA;2. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL 60612, USA;1. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA;2. Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA |
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| Abstract: | CRISPR-Cas and prokaryotic Argonaute (pAgo) are nucleic acid (NA)-guided defense systems that protect prokaryotes against the invasion of mobile genetic elements. Previous studies established that they are directed by NA fragments (guides) to recognize invading complementary NA (targets), and that they cleave the targets to silence the invaders. Nevertheless, growing evidence indicates that many CRISPR-Cas and pAgo systems exploit the abortive infection (Abi) strategy to confer immunity. The CRISPR-Cas and pAgo Abi systems typically sense invaders using the NA recognition ability and activate various toxic effectors to kill the infected cells to prevent the invaders from spreading. This review summarizes the diverse mechanisms of these CRISPR-Cas and pAgo systems, and highlights their critical roles in the arms race between microbes and invaders. |
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