Significant genetic differentiation between native and introduced silver carp (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Hypophthalmichthys molitrix</Emphasis>) inferred from mtDNA analysis |
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Authors: | Si-Fa Li Jia-Wei Xu Qi-Ling Yang Cheng-Hui Wang Duane C Chapman Guoqing Lu |
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Institution: | (1) Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Resources and Utilizations, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China;(2) U. S. Geological Survey Columbia Environmental Research Center, Columbia, MO 65201, USA;(3) Department of Biology, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE 68182, USA |
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Abstract: | Silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (Cyprinidae) is native to China and has been introduced to over 80 countries. The extent of genetic diversity in introduced
silver carp and the genetic divergence between introduced and native populations remain largely unknown. In this study, 241
silver carp sampled from three major native rivers and two non-native rivers (Mississippi River and Danube River) were analyzed
using nucleotide sequences of mitochondrial COI gene and D-loop region. A total of 73 haplotypes were observed, with no haplotype
found common to all the five populations and eight haplotypes shared by two to four populations. As compared with introduced
populations, all native populations possess both higher haplotype diversity and higher nucleotide diversity, presumably a
result of the founder effect. Significant genetic differentiation was revealed between native and introduced populations as
well as among five sampled populations, suggesting strong selection pressures might have occurred in introduced populations.
Collectively, this study not only provides baseline information for sustainable use of silver carp in their native country
(i.e., China), but also offers first-hand genetic data for the control of silver carp in countries (e.g., the United States)
where they are considered invasive. |
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