基于线粒体基因片段核苷酸多态性的亚洲栽培稻起源进化研究

亚洲栽培稻的祖先是普通野生稻,已成为世界公认的观点,然而亚洲栽培稻的2个亚种:粳稻和籼稻是一次起源还是二次起源仍存在很大争议,其起源地是国内还是国外依然是国际学者间争论的焦点。本文通过对184份亚洲栽培稻和203份普通野生稻3段基因序列cox3、cox1、orf 224和2段基因间序列ssv-39/178、rps2-trnfM的多样性研究,验证了以下观点:1)粳稻起源于中国,籼稻起源于中国和国外;2)亚洲栽培稻的起源为二次起源,即普通野生稻存在偏籼和偏粳2种类型,亚洲栽培稻的2个亚种籼稻和粳稻在进化过程中分别由偏籼型的普通野生稻和偏粳型的普通野生稻进化而来。

Study on the Origin and Evolution of Asian Cultivated Rice Based on Gene Diversity of Mitochondrial Genome

Wild rice (Oryza rufipogon) has been recognized as the ancestor of Asian cultivated rice (Oryza sativa). However, where and how cultivated rice originated from wild rice has been debated for a long time in the World. Moreover, whether the two subspecies of the Asian cultivated rice, indica and japonica, were domescated with the ways of single origin or multiple origins is still considerably controversy, and whether they origined in China or aboard is still the focus of debate among international scholars. In this study, we collected 184 accessions of the Asian cultivated rice and 203 accessions of Oryza rufipogon to be sequenced with 5 genes: cox3, cox1, orf224, ssv-39/178, rps2-trnfM in mitochondrial genome of rice Through the study of the gene diversity of the five genes, we verified the following propositions: first, the origin of japonica is in China, and the origin of indica is not only in China but also in foreign countries; second, the subspecies of Asian cultivated rice were domesticated with two origins, in another words, common wild rice exists the indica-like and japonica-like types, and the two subspecies were evoluted from the indica-like wild rice and the japonica-like wild rice respectively.