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Nicotianamine is a major player in plant Zn homeostasis |
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| Authors: | Stephan Clemens Ulrich Deinlein Hassan Ahmadi Stephan Höreth Shimpei Uraguchi |
| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Plant Physiology, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany 2. Bayreuth Center for Molecular Biosciences, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany 3. Cell and Developmental Biology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA |
| Abstract: | Nicotianamine (NA) is among the most studied plant metal chelators. A large body of evidence supports its crucial role for Fe distribution in plants and as a precursor of phytosiderophore synthesis in grasses. NA forms stable complexes in vitro not only with Fe(II) and Fe(III) but also with various other divalent metal cations including Zn(II). Early observations indicated a possible contribution of NA to Zn trafficking in plants. Numerous studies on transgenic monocot and dicot plants with modulated NA levels have since then reported Zn accumulation phenotypes. NAS genes were shown to represent promising targets for biofortification efforts. For instance, NA was found to bind Zn in rice grains in a form bioavailable for humans. Recently, additional strong support for the existence of Zn–NA complexes in planta has been obtained in rice, Arabidopsis thaliana and the Zn hyperaccumulating plant A. halleri. We review the evidence for a role of NA in the intercellular and long-distance transport of Zn in plants and discuss open questions. |
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