Genome-wide association analysis reveals putative Alzheimer's disease susceptibility loci in addition to APOE |
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Authors: | Bertram Lars Lange Christoph Mullin Kristina Parkinson Michele Hsiao Monica Hogan Meghan F Schjeide Brit M M Hooli Basavaraj Divito Jason Ionita Iuliana Jiang Hongyu Laird Nan Moscarillo Thomas Ohlsen Kari L Elliott Kathryn Wang Xin Hu-Lince Diane Ryder Marie Murphy Amy Wagner Steven L Blacker Deborah Becker K David Tanzi Rudolph E |
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Affiliation: | 1 Genetics and Aging Research Unit, Mass General Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease (MIND), Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA 2 Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA 3 Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA 4 Gerontology Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA 5 TorreyPines Therapeutics, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA |
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Abstract: | Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a genetically complex and heterogeneous disorder. To date four genes have been established to either cause early-onset autosomal-dominant AD (APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2(1-4)) or to increase susceptibility for late-onset AD (APOE5). However, the heritability of late-onset AD is as high as 80%, (6) and much of the phenotypic variance remains unexplained to date. We performed a genome-wide association (GWA) analysis using 484,522 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on a large (1,376 samples from 410 families) sample of AD families of self-reported European descent. We identified five SNPs showing either significant or marginally significant genome-wide association with a multivariate phenotype combining affection status and onset age. One of these signals (p = 5.7 x 10(-14)) was elicited by SNP rs4420638 and probably reflects APOE-epsilon4, which maps 11 kb proximal (r2 = 0.78). The other four signals were tested in three additional independent AD family samples composed of nearly 2700 individuals from almost 900 families. Two of these SNPs showed significant association in the replication samples (combined p values 0.007 and 0.00002). The SNP (rs11159647, on chromosome 14q31) with the strongest association signal also showed evidence of association with the same allele in GWA data generated in an independent sample of approximately 1,400 AD cases and controls (p = 0.04). Although the precise identity of the underlying locus(i) remains elusive, our study provides compelling evidence for the existence of at least one previously undescribed AD gene that, like APOE-epsilon4, primarily acts as a modifier of onset age. |
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