Leukotriene B4 receptors: novel roles in immunological regulations

Mammals have at least two receptors for LTB4; high-affinity BLT1 and low-affinity BLT2, both of which are GPCRs. 12-HHT serves as a more potent and abundant ligand for BLT2 than LTB4. BLT1 is expressed in a variety of inflammatory and immune cells including granulocytes, eosinophils, macrophages, differentiated Th1, Th2 and Th17 cells, effecter CD8+ T cells, dendritic cells and osteoclasts. BLT1 antagonists will be beneficial for the treatment of various diseases such as bronchial asthma, multiple sclerosis, contact dermatitis, and postmenopausal osteoporosis. BLT2 plays different roles from BLT1, and one important role of BLT2 is the maintenance of mucosal integrity in the colon.