Dissimilatory microbial sulfur and methane metabolism in the water column of a shallow meromictic lake |
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| Affiliation: | 1. The Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Kita-19, Nishi-8, Kita-ku, 060-0819 Sapporo, Japan;2. Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, Kita-10, Nishi-5, Kita-ku, 060-0810 Sapporo, Japan;1. State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering and School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, PR China;2. Engineering Research Center of MEOR, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, PR China;3. Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, PR China;4. Environmental Science and Engineering Research Group, Guangdong Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, 241 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515063, PR China;1. Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa;2. School of Life Sciences, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA;3. MALDIID Pty Ltd, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia;4. Laboratory of Microbiology, Department Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium;5. The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, UK;6. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa;7. National Institute for Communicable Disease, National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa;1. Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Centre of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia;2. Department of Biotechnology, TU Delft, the Netherlands;3. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, Puschino, Moscow Region, Russia;4. Leibniz Institute DSMZ – German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Germany;1. School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, People’s Republic of China;2. School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, People’s Republic of China;1. Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Prospect, 33, bld. 2, 119071 Moscow, Russia;2. Gubkin University, Leninskiy Prospect, 65/1, 119991 Moscow, Russia |
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| Abstract: | Lake Harutori is a brackish meromictic lake with a steep physicochemical gradient in shallow water. Anoxic water below the chemocline has been characterized by high concentrations of sulfide (>10 mM) and methane (>1.5 mM). Previously, we reported that uncultured bacteria in the SEEP-SRB1 group were major sulfate reducers in the lake [21], but knowledge of sulfur oxidation and methane metabolism was scarce. In this current study, the Lake Harutori microbial community structure in the mixolimnion (at depths of 1.5 m and 3.0 m), upper chemocline (3.5 m), and monimolimnion (4.5 m) was further investigated by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and catalyzed reporter deposition fluorescence in situ hybridization (CARD-FISH). Reads of type I and II methanotrophs were retrieved mainly from 3.5 m and above. Methanotrophic bacteria detected by CARD-FISH accounted for 3.1% of DAPI-stained cells at 3.5 m. Detection frequencies of reads affiliated with the genera Sulfurimonas and Thiomicrorhabdus, which are known to comprise sulfur oxidizers, were relatively high at 3.5 m. Methanogenic archaeal reads were retrieved from the monimolimnion and they affiliated with the genus Methanosaeta. CARD-FISH counts indicated that the cells of Methanosaeta/Methanosarcina/Methanomicrobiales accounted for up to 0.8% of the DAPI-stained cells in the monimolimnion. On the other hand, many of the reads retrieved primarily from the monimolimnion were affiliated with phylogenetically novel uncultured groups. |
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| Keywords: | Meromictic lake Sulfate-reducing bacteria Sulfur-oxidizing bacteria Methanogenic archaea Methane-oxidizing bacteria |
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