Cytoplasmic inheritance in green algae: patterns,mechanisms and relation to sex type |
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Authors: | Shinichi Miyamura |
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Institution: | (1) Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan |
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Abstract: | Cytological and genetic investigations of two major groups of green algae, chlorophyte and streptophyte green algae, show
a predominance of uniparental inheritance of the plastid and mitochondrial genomes in most species. However, in some crosses
of isogamous species of Ulva compressa, these genomes are transmitted from mt+, mt−, and both parents. In species with uniparental organelle inheritance, various mechanisms can eliminate organelles and their
DNA during male gametogenesis or after fertilization. Concerning plastid inheritance, two major mechanisms are widespread
in green algae: (1) digestion of plastid DNA during male gametogenesis, during fertilization, or after fertilization; and
(2) disintegration or fusion of the plastid in the zygote. The first mechanism also eliminates the mitochondrial DNA in anisogamous
and oogamous species. These mechanisms would ensure the predominantly uniparental inheritance of organelle genomes in green
algae. To trace the evolutionary history of cytoplasmic inheritance in green algae, the relations between uniparental inheritance
and sex type were considered in isogamous, anisogamous, and oogamous species using sex-specific features that might be nearly
universal among Chlorophyta. |
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Keywords: | |
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