大花萱草‘金娃娃’雌雄蕊发育进程及其与花蕾长度的相关性研究

采用石蜡切片法对大花萱草'金娃娃'(Hemerocallis hybridus cv.'Stella de oro')不同花蕾长度时雌雄蕊的形态及其发育时期进行观察,以探讨花营长度与雌雄蕊发育进程的相关性.结果显示:(1)'金娃娃'雄蕊发育正常,小孢子发生及雄配子体的发育过程与常见单子叶植物类似,成熟花粉属二胞型;雌蕊子房具多胚珠,但各胚珠中雌配子体发育进程不同步,出现大量无胚囊或胚囊内核发育紊乱、解体的现象而导致雌配子体发育不正常,大田结实率不到5%且种子干瘪不能发芽.(2)'金娃娃'花蕾长度与花粉发育时期具有相关性,为花蕾长度作为组织培养外植体取材外形标准提供丁植物胚胎学依据.

Correlation Study between Bud Length and Gametophyte Development Stage in Daylily (Hemerocallis hybridus cv. 'Stella de oro')

By using block staining and paraffin section methods,we observed the male and female gametophyte development stages with different bud lengths in daylily 'golden boy'(Hemerocallis hybridus cv.'Stella de oro'),in order to reveal the correlation between bud length and gametophyte development stage.The results showed:(1)the pollen development of 'Stella de oro' had a similar process like most monocotyledons,and mature pollen grains were 2-celled;There were multi-ovules in ovary of 'Stella de oro'.However,the megaspores of almost all ovule developed abnormally without synchronization.The phenomena such as no megaspore,inordinate or disorganized karyons in megaspore,were observed.The percentage of seed setting was less than 5% and many seeds were not viable with shriveled appearance.(2)By plant anatomy the bud length of 'Stella de oro' correlate well with pollen development stage.Therefore,the bud length could be used as an external indicator for taking explant in tissue culture.