Essential Oil Variability in Natural Populations of Picea omorika,a Rare European Conifer |
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Authors: | Biljana Nikolić Vele Tešević Iris Ðorđević Petar D. Marin Srdjan Bojović |
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Affiliation: | 1. Institute of Forestry, Kneza Vi?eslava 3, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;2. Faculty of Chemistry, Studentski trg 16, P.?O. Box 158, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;3. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, Bulevar oslobo?enja 18, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;4. Faculty of Biology, Institute of Botany and Botanical Garden ‘Jevremovac', University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;5. University of Belgrade, Institute for Biological Research ‘Sini?a Stankovi?', Department of Ecology, Boulevard Despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia, (phone: +38‐1112078365;6. fax: +38‐1112761433) |
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Abstract: | This study is the first report on the composition and variability of essential oil in the relic, endemic, and vulnerable tree species Serbian spruce, Picea omorika, in its natural populations. In the needles of 108 trees of four natural populations, 49 components of essential oils were identified. The main compounds were bornyl acetate (29.2%), camphene (18.7%), and α‐pinene (12.9%). Fourteen additional components had the contents of up to 0.5%: α‐cadinol (6.1%), limonene (5.8%), santene (3.5%), (E)‐hex‐2‐enal (2.9%), T‐cadinol (2.9%), δ‐cadinene (2.3%), tricyclene (2.1%), myrcene (1.6%), β‐pinene (1.2%), borneol (0.9%), germacrene D (0.9%), α‐muurolene (0.6%), and two unidentified compounds. Population IV from Mile?evka Canyon had a much higher content of bornyl acetate (42.9%). Populations I–III from Mt. Tara were more abundant in sesquiterpenes (up to 18.2%). The content of bornyl acetate, the multi‐variation analyses according to seven selected components, especially the cluster analysis and genetic analysis of α‐cadinol, which suggested the monogenic type of heredity, showed a clear differentiation of the two geographic areas, the similarity of populations I–III from the area of Mt. Tara, and the separation of the population IV from Mile?evka Canyon. |
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Keywords: | Picea omorika Essential oils Conifers Terpenes Chemodiversity |
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