Household Epidemics: Modelling Effects of Early Stage Vaccination |
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Authors: | Nyimvua Shaban Mikael Andersson Åke Svensson Tom Britton |
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Affiliation: | 1. Department of Mathematics, Stockholm University, SE‐106 91 Stockholm, Sweden;2. Department of Mathematics, University of Dar es Salaam, Box 35062, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania |
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Abstract: | A Markovian susceptible → infectious → removed (SIR) epidemic model is considered in a community partitioned into households. A vaccination strategy, which is implemented during the early stages of the disease following the detection of infected individuals is proposed. In this strategy, the detection occurs while an individual is infectious and other susceptible household members are vaccinated without further delay. Expressions are derived for the influence on the reproduction numbers of this vaccination strategy for equal and unequal household sizes. We fit previously estimated parameters from influenza and use household distributions for Sweden and Tanzania census data. The results show that the reproduction number is much higher in Tanzania (6 compared with 2) due to larger households, and that infected individuals have to be detected (and household members vaccinated) after on average 5 days in Sweden and after 3.3 days in Tanzania, a much smaller difference. |
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Keywords: | Delay time Epidemic model Household Reproduction number Vaccination strategy |
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