引入西方蜜蜂对中蜂的危害及生态影响

作者阐述自1896年中国引进西方蜜蜂Apis melliferaL.的优良品种如意大利蜂Apis mellifera ligusticaSpinola和喀尼阿兰蜂Apis mellifera Carnica Pollmann以来，使当地的东方蜜蜂Apis cerana F.受到严重危害，其分布区域缩小75%以上，种群数量减少80%以上。使山林植物授粉总量减少，导致植物多样性减少。文中提出: 建立自然保护区保存本地蜜蜂遗传特性，和采用基因转移等技术，培育具有西方蜜蜂优良生产性能的中蜂新品种，逐步恢复中蜂的种群数量。

Harm of introducing the western honeybee Apis mellifera L. to the Chinese honeybee Apis cerana F. and its ecological impact

The author elucidated the situation of the Chinese honeybee Apis cerana F., which was seriously harmed by the western honeybee Apis mellifera L. introduced to China from Italy and other countries since 1896. The distribution area of the Chinese honeybees has reduced by over 75%, and population number reduced over 80% under the competition by the western honeybees. The decrease of the Chinese honeybees results in the reduction of plant total pollination and plant diversity. The author proposed to set up national nature reserves for protecting the genetic features of the Chinese honeybees, breed new Chinese honeybee varieties with fine characteristics as the western honeybees but keeping their local features using transgenic technology, and increase the Chinese honeybee population number gradually.