小麦形成大穗的生态学基础

研究了不同光、温条件下３个小麦品种的生育特征、幼穗分化、幼穗生长和穗部性状，探讨了促进穗大粒多、提高小麦单产的可行途径．结果表明，因播种期的不同而导致的小麦生长期间光、温条件的不同，使之各生育期出现的时间及其持续的天数有了较大的差异．小麦幼穗分化的历期天数多与平均气温和平均日照长度呈显著或极显著负相关．不同的积温是幼穗生长量和每穗总小穗数产生差异的重要原因．在条件适宜的麦区，可望通过引种适宜品种并适当提早播种期，以促进德大粒多、实现单产的明显提高．

Ecological basis of larger wheat ear formation.

In this paper,the development characteristics,young ear differentiation and its gr6wth,and spike characters of three varieties of wheat are sin died under different photo-temperature conditions.The feasible way of getting larger ear and more grain and improving wheat yield is also approached.The results show that different photo-temperature condition during wheat growing period induced by different seeding time makes the emerged date of various development stages of wheat and the lasted days of these stages much difference.In many cases,there exists a significant or very significant negative correlation between the lasted days of young ear differentiation and the mean air temperature and mead daylength.Different accumulated temperature is the main factor which induces the difference of the growth rate of young ear and that of the total number of spikelets per ear.In suitable wheat-planting area,it is practicable to introduce suitable varieties and appropriately shift their seeding to an earlier time to get larger ear and more grain and to improve wheat yield.