Relative orientation of the hemes of the cytochrome bc(1) complexes from Rhodobacter sphaeroides, Rhodospirillum rubrum, and beef heart mitochondria. A linear dichroism study

The orientation of the chromophores in the cytochrome bc(1) of Rhodospirillum rubrum, Rhodobacter sphaeroides, and beef heart mitochondria is reported. The combination of redox-resolved absorption spectrophotometry and linear dichroism experiments at low temperature allows the determination of the orientation of the three hemes with respect to the membrane plane. The orientations of the b(H)-and b(L)-hemes of the R. sphaeroides and beef heart mitochondrial complexes are similar to those determined by crystallographic studies of the mitochondrial cytochrome bc(1). On the other hand the orientations of the b-hemes of the R. rubrum complex lead to the conclusion that the b(H)-heme is more perpendicular to the membrane plane than the b(L)-heme. This could be explained by a specific organization of the b-hemes due to subunit composition of the complex or, alternatively, to a different spatial position of the heme transitions with respect to the porphyrin macrocycle compared with the other complexes. Moreover, our results demonstrate a different orientation of the heme c(1) of the three studied complexes in comparison to crystallographic studies. This difference may arise from the above hypothesis on the transitions of the heme or from flexibility of this subunit in function of its redox state.