不同强度的耐力训练后大鼠心肌超微结构适应性变化的研究

为了探讨不同强度的耐力训练对有氧代谢中枢机制不同的适应性影响以及在耐力训练中是否存在最适宜于发展心脏结构、功能的强度，本文设计了２６、３０、、３６、４２ｍ／ｍｉｎ的训练强度，对大鼠进行１６周的耐力训练，并对心室肌细胞及毛细血管的超微结构进行了显微图象计量分析。结果表明，在４２ｍ／ｍｉｎ的强度训练后，线粒体内膜和嵴发展最好，毛细血管的数目也增加最多，毛细血管腔的增大最明显，心肌细胞最大氧弥散距离缩短最显著，说明不同强度的耐力训练后大鼠心肌的超微结构产生了不同的适应性变化，并且适宜的大强度训练对心肌的发展最有效

STUDY ON ADAPTIVE CHANGES OF MYOCARDIAL ULTRASTRUCTURE AFTER ENDURANCE TRAINING AT DIFFERENT INTENSITIES IN RATS

The purpose of the investigation was to determine the adaptive changes of central mechanism of aerobic metabolism and to probe the best training intensity for developing the structure and function of heart most effectively. After endurance training at different intensities (including 26m/min,30m/min,36m/min,42m/min) for 16 weeks, the rats were decapitated. Left ventricle were excised soon and were then processed for electron microscopy.Morphometry was performed at image analysis system . Quantitative analysis of ultrastructure of left ventricle and capillaries indicated that the best development of mitochondria inner membrane and cristea, the maximum improvement in number of capillaries, the most obvious enlarging of capillary cavity and the most remarkable shortening of maximum oxygen diffusion distance from capillary wall to the mitochondria appeared after training at the highest speed (42m/min). It is demonstrated that after endurance training at different intensities the ultrastructure of all training groups showed good developments in varying degrees. Furthemore, endurance training at suitably high intensity could improve adaptation of myocardium most effectively.