枇杷叶片胚性愈伤组织诱导与内源激素含量的关系

为揭示胚性愈伤组织发生过程中内源激素的变化规律，本研究以枇杷叶片为实验材料，通过诱导胚性愈伤组织获得体细胞胚，采用高效液相色谱法测定枇杷叶片及愈伤组织的赤霉素（GA₃）、生长素（IAA）、脱落酸（ABA）和玉米素（ZT）4种内源激素的含量，探讨胚性愈伤组织发育过程中4种内源激素的动态变化。结果显示，不同成熟度叶片内IAA/ZT比值对胚性愈伤组织的发生有正效应，而GA₃/IAA的比值具有负效应。胚性愈伤组织的发生需要较低含量的GA₃及高含量的IAA和ABA，IAA/ZT比值高有利于胚性愈伤组织形成，培养后期及时添加一定量的外源激素有利于胚性保持。本研究可为离体培养时选择外植体、添加外源激素及控制继代时间提供理论指导，并为快速获得枇杷胚性材料、开展基因转化研究奠定基础。

Relationship between embryonic callus induction from leaves and endogenous hormone content in loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.)

To understand the relationship between endogenous hormone content during embryonic callus induction, somatic embryos were obtained by embryonic callus induction from loquat leaves. The content of four endogenous hormones, gibberellic acid (GA₃), auxin (IAA), abscisic acid (ABA) and zeatin (ZT), were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The dynamic changes of these endogenous hormones in embryonic calli were then explored. Results suggested that the ratio of IAA/ZT in leaves had a positive effect on embryonic callus induction, whereas GA₃/IAA had a negative effect. Low content of GA₃ and high content of IAA and ABA were required for embryonic calli induction, and a high ratio of IAA/ZT was advantageous to their formation. The timely addition of exogenous hormones in the late period of subculture was helpful for maintaining the embryo. This research provides a theoretical direction for explant selection, extraneous hormone addition to calli subculture, and successive transfer time selection, as well as a foundation for efficiently obtaining embryonic materials and developing the study of gene transformation.