森林植被与大气颗粒物的关系

近年来，大气颗粒物成为我国城市大气的主要污染物，其中细颗粒物（PM_2.5）粒径小、沉降困难，对环境的危害已成为亟待解决的问题。森林植被可显著消减空气颗粒物，有效改善空气环境质量。本文概述了植被对颗粒物的移除过程和方法，探讨了大气颗粒物与森林植被的相互关系。从单叶、单木及群落3个尺度，结合气象因素讨论了植被对移除大气颗粒物的影响，分析了颗粒物的后续再悬浮过程及对植被的危害。最后，从植被吸附颗粒物的能力测定和评价、本土高吸附PM_2.5能力植被的筛选及综合研究不同植被配置结构的吸附效应等方面提出了植被吸附颗粒污染物，尤其是细颗粒物的研究重点与趋势。

A review of the relationship between forest vegetation and atmospheric particulate matter

At present, atmospheric particulate matter (PM) is the main source of urban air pollution in China, in which fine particulate matter (PM_2.5, ≤ 2.5 microns in aerodynamic diameter)seriously pollutes the environment due to their small size and inertia of sedimentation. Plants can significantly remove air particulate matter and effectively improve urban environmental quality. Here, we summarize the processes and methods of the removal of particulate matter by vegetation, and discuss the relationship between atmospheric particulate matter and forest vegetation. The effects of vegetation on the removal of atmospheric particulate matter are discussed with consideration of meteorological factors, and analysis of the resuspension processes and negative effects of plants on the retention abilities of atmospheric PM are also examined. Lastly, we propose key points and trends on plant adsorption of PM, especially PM_2.5, based on the measurement and evaluation of PM adsorption abilities of plants, selection of local plants with high PM adsorption ability, and comprehensive measurement and systematic study on PM removal capability, especially of PM_2.5, of different kinds of disposition model of plants.