First report of secondary metabolites,Violaceol I and Violaceol II produced by endophytic fungus,Trichoderma polyalthiae and their antimicrobial activity |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand;2. Graduate School, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand;3. Natural Products Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand;4. Center of Excellence in Microbial Diversity and Sustainable Utilization, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand;5. Faculty of Medical Science, Nakhonratchasima College, Nakhonratchasima, 30000, Thailand;1. Graduate School, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand;2. Biology Program, Faculty of Science, Buriram Rajabhat University, Buriram, 31000, Thailand;3. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand;4. Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori, 680-8553, Japan;5. Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand;1. Tochigi Prefectural Museum, 2-2 Mutsumi-cho, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, 320-0865, Japan;2. Hokken Co. Ltd., 7-3 Ekihigashimachi, Mibu, Shimotsuga-gun, Tochigi, 321-0222, Japan;3. Kanagawa Prefectural Museum of Natural History, 499 Iryuda, Odawara, Kanagawa, 250-0031, Japan;1. Key Laboratory of Forest Protection, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China;2. Mycothèque de l’Université Catholique de Louvain (MUCL), Earth and Life Institute, Microbiology, B-1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium;3. Forest Pest Management Station of Tibet Autonomous Region, Lhasa, Tibet, 850000, China;4. Forestry and Grassland Administration of Qamdo, Qamdo, Tibet, 854000, China;1. Baekdudaegan National Arboretum, Bonghwa, 36209, South Korea;2. Korean Lichen Research Institute, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 57922, South Korea;1. Department of Medical Biotechnology, College of Biomedical Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, South Korea;2. College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, South Korea;3. Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea;4. Department of Marine Pharmacology, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China;5. Faculty of Dentistry, AIMST University, Jalan Bedong – Semeling, 08100, Bedong, Kedah Darul Aman, Malaysia;6. Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Annamalai University, Parangipettai, 608 502, Tamil Nadu, India |
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| Abstract: | Bioactive compounds of endophytic fungus Trichoderma polyalthiae were extracted from culture broth media. The crude extracts showed strong antimicrobial activity against human pathogens. Biologically active compounds were isolated and purified by chromatographic methods. The structures of the pure compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic methods. They were identified as Violaceol I and Violaceol II. These compounds were detected as secondary metabolites produced by this genus for the first time. Violaceol I and II had a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity against human pathogens, including Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Staphylococcus aureus, Methicillin-Resistant S. aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus) and Gram-negative bacteria (Salmonella typhimurium, Shigella sonnei) and Candida albicans. Violaceol I exhibited Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) values (<9.765–156.25 μg/mL) that were higher than Violaceol II (<9.765–312.5 μg/mL). Additionally, the MIC value of the phenol violaceol from this taxon was lower than the previous reports. |
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| Keywords: | Antibacterial activity Biological activities Human pathogens |
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