Evaluation of resistance to permethrin,cypermethrin and deltamethrin in different populations of Musca domestica (L.), collected from the Iranian dairy cattle farms |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University/ State Engineering Technology Institute for Karst Desertification Control, Guiyang, Guizhou 550001, China;2. Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Rare Animal and Economic Insect of the Mountainous Region, Guiyang University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550005, China;1. School of Applied Chemistry and Biological Technology, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen 518055, China;2. School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA;1. College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea;2. Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Defence Road, Lahore, Pakistan;3. Institute of Plant Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea;4. Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea;1. USDA-ARS, US Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center, Hilo, HI 967820, USA;3. Horticultural and Herbal Crop Environment Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea;4. Forest Insect Pests and Disease Division, National Institute of Forest Science, Seoul 02455, Republic of Korea |
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| Abstract: | The house fly, Musca domestica (Linnaeus) (Diptera: Muscidae), is a major pest for human and livestock health and is also resistant to different insecticides. Herein, six M. domestica populations were collected, five of them from industrial cattle farms and the Koohrang population from a remote area as a susceptible population. The resistance/susceptibility of populations to three pyrethroids was evaluated. High levels of permethrin resistance were observed in all field populations and the resistance ratios (RRs) were estimated to vary from 52- to 129-fold. Resistant populations also exhibited resistance to other pyrethroids (cypermethrin and deltamethrin), with RRs ranging between 45- and 180-fold. According to synergistic (piperonyl butoxide, diethyl maleate and triphenyl phosphate) and enzymatic assays, resistant populations exhibited multiple resistance phenotypes. Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s), glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), and carboxylesterases (CarEs) were found to be involved in pyrethroid resistance in Isfahan population, P450s and GSTs in Mobarake population and CarEs detoxified pyrethroids in Natanz and Alavijeh populations. As substitution of Leucine (CTT) with Phenylalanine (TTT) at position 1014 of the voltage sensitive sodium channel (VSSC) gene is the most common mutation conferring resistance to pyrethroids in M. domestica, we sequenced a partial fragment of IIS6 and L1014F mutation was detected in all resistant populations. The present study provides valuable information for early detection of pyrethroid resistance and developing resistance management strategies in the house fly populations. |
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| Keywords: | House fly Pyrethroid resistance L1014F mutation Metabolic resistance |
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