Skewed adult sex ratios observed early in the North American invasion of Lycorma delicatula (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae) |
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| Institution: | 1. The Pennsylvania State University, Department of Entomology, 501 ASI Building, University Park, PA 16802, United States;2. Otis Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture, Animal Plant and Health Inspection Service, Plant Protection and Quarantine, Science and Technology, 1398 W. Truck Rd., Buzzards Bay, MA 02532, United States;1. Entomology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700 019, India;2. Cell and Molecular Therapeutics Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Oriental Institute of Science and Technology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore 721102, West Bengal, India;1. School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University/ State Engineering Technology Institute for Karst Desertification Control, Guiyang, Guizhou 550001, China;2. Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Rare Animal and Economic Insect of the Mountainous Region, Guiyang University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550005, China;1. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Memphis, 3700 Walker Avenue, Memphis, TN 38152, USA;2. Center for Biodiversity Research, University of Memphis, 3700 Walker Avenue, Memphis, TN 38152, USA;3. Plant Quarantine Technology Center, APQA, MAFRA, 167, Yongjeon-ro Gimcheon-si Gyeongsanbuk-do 39660 Republic of Korea;4. Senckenberg Deutsches Entomologisches Institut, Eberswalder Straße 90, 15374 Müncheberg, Germany;5. Insect Biosystematics Laboratory, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Republic of Korea;6. Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Republic of Korea;7. Research Institute for Agricultural and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Republic of Korea;1. Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, ON K1A 0C6, Canada;2. Plant Protection Research Department, South Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Birjand, Iran;3. Carleton University, Biology Department, 207 Nesbitt Biology Building, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada |
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| Abstract: | The spotted lanternfly, Lycorma delicatula, (Hemiptera Fulgoridae) is an invasive pest in Korea and the United States, but originating from mainland Asia. Both tree of heaven, Ailanthus altissima, and grapevine (Vitis) are known to be preferred hosts of adults. However, much is unknown about its adult behavior with respect to mating or dispersal patterns. In 2015, just after it was discovered in the United States, we performed an observational study to elucidate movement by adults in relation to host plants. We noted weekly changes in their presence and sex ratio on host plants at four sites in a quarantine zone in Berks County, PA. Just after adult emergence, the trunks of large (>15 cm diameter at breast height) A. altissima hosted nearly exclusively females, while smaller A. altissima, Vitis, Salix nigra, and other less commonly inhabited tree species, had high proportions of males. By October 1st, greater proportions of males were observed on the trunks of the larger A. altissima trees. Pairings of males and females were observed most frequently on the smaller A. altissima and Vitis. At the very end of the season, a large mixed-sex population was found on Salix nigra, which was the only deciduous tree species in the area still bearing green leaves. |
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| Keywords: | Behavior Invasive species Mating |
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