Development of DNA barcodes for selected Acacia species by using rbcL and matK DNA markers |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Forestry and Range Management, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan;2. Center for Advanced Studies in Agriculture and Food Security (CAS–AFS), University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan;3. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan;4. Center for Agricultural Biochemistry and Biotechnology (CABB), University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan;5. Higher Education Department, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK), Peshawar, Pakistan;6. Biology Department, Aljumum, University College, Umm Al-Qura University, Saudi Arabia;7. Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Tabuk University, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia;8. Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia;9. Unit of Bee Research and Honey Production, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia;10. Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia;11. Department of Zoology, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan;12. Department of Zoology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan |
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| Abstract: | Acacia species are very important tree species in tropical and subtropical countries of the World for their economic and medicinal benefits. Precise identification of Acacia is very important to distinguish the invasive species from rare species however, it is difficult to differentiate Acacia species based on morphological charcters. In addition, precise identification is also important for wood charcterization in the forest industry as these species are declining due to illegal logging and deforestation. To overcome thsese limitations of morphological identification, DNA barcoding is being used as an efficient and quick approach for precise identification of tree species. In this study, we selected two chloroplast and plastid base DNA markers (rbcL and matK) for the identification of five selected tree species of Acacia (A. albida, A. ampliceps, A. catechu, A. coriacea and A. tortilis). The genomic DNA of the selected Acacia species was extracted, amplified through PCR using specific primers and subsequently sequenced through Sanger sequencing. In matK DNA marker the average AT nucleotide contents were higher (59.46%) and GC contents were lower (40.44%) as compared to the AT (55.40%) and GC content (44.54%) in rbcL marker. The means genetic distance K2P between the Acacia species was higher in matK (0.704%) as compared to rbcL (0.230%). All Acacia species could be identified based on unique SNPs profile. Based on SNP data profiles, DNA sequence based scannable QR codes were developed for accurate identification of Acacia species. The phylogenetic analysis based on both markers (rbcL and matK) showed that both A. coriacea and A. tortilis were closely related with each other and clustered in the same group while other two species A. albida and A. catechu were grouped together. The specie A. ampliceps remained ungrouped distantly, compared with other four species. These finding highlights the potential of DNA barcoding for efficient and reproducible identification of Acacia species. |
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| Keywords: | Desertification Genetic diversity Afforestation DNA barcoding |
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