Bioassay-guided fractionation of a dried commercial source,Alpinia galanga (L.) Willd rhizomes extract,against Culex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae) |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Lab of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province-State Key Laboratory Breeding Base, Nanjing 210014, China;2. College of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei 235000, China;3. Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China;4. Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanchang 330200, China;1. School of Horticulture and Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;2. Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China;1. College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;2. Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;3. Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety (Yangzhou University), Jiangsu, Yangzhou 225009, China;4. State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Institute for Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 320021, China;1. Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea;2. Herbal Medicine Resources Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Naju, Republic of Korea;3. Department of Plant Quarantine, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon-si, Republic of Korea |
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| Abstract: | The increasing risk of insecticide resistance in mosquito populations has led to the search for new larvicidal agents. Evaluation of bioassay-guided fractionation of the rhizome extract of Alpinia galanga (L.) Willd against Aedes aegypti was assessed. Bioactive fractions were isolated from the rhizome extract of A. galanga using a Soxhlet extractor and chromatography techniques, and subsequently tested against the fourth instar of Culex pipiens. The lethal concentration (LC) was calculated via log-probit analysis. The active fraction was evaluated by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC–MS) and infrared (IR) analysis. The highest larvicidal potential obtained from bioassays using the Soxhlet apparatus was observed in dichloromethane (DCM) and ethyl acetate (EtoAc) extracts, with LC50 values of 124.49 and 176.30 ppm, respectively, after 24 h of exposure. Subsequently, the DCM extract was subjected to column and thin-layer chromatography. Results of the DCM extraction and the active TLC fraction (F133) of the Rf value 0.5 revealed that LC50 and LC90 values decreased over time. The F133 fraction of A. galanga exhibited zero hatchability (100% mortality) at LC50 (63.416 ppm) and LC25 (31.70 ppm) against Cx. pipiens eggs. GC–MS analysis of the active thin-layer chromatography TLC fraction (F133) revealed the presence of phenol 2 4-bis (1 1-dimethylethyl), which was identified as the major compound. Alpinia galanga extract is a promising candidate for the control of mosquito populations. Further study is required to determine the effect of the extracts on non-target organisms. |
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| Keywords: | Bioassay Chromatography Larvicidal activity |
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