Predation behavior of Podisus nigrispinus on Spodoptera eridania |
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| Institution: | 1. State Secretariat of Education of the State of Espírito Santo, Daniel Comboni Street, 200, Center, 29550-000, Jerônimo Monteiro, ES, Brazil;2. Department of Agronomy, Center of Agrarian Sciences and Engineering, Espírito Santo Federal University, Alto Universitário, s/n, Guararema, 29.500-000, Alegre, Espírito Santo, Brazil;3. Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Espírito Santo – Campus Itapina, BR 259, Km 70, Mailbox 256, 29717-000 Colatina, ES, Brazil;1. Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China;2. Nanning Institute of Termite Control, Nanning, China;1. Department of Plant Protection, College of Horticulture and Landscape, Tianjin Agricultural University, 22 Jinjing Road, Tianjin 300384, China;2. Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China;3. Tianjin Institute of Plant Protection, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300384, China;4. Institute of Entomology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China;5. South Australian Museum, Department of Terrestrial Invertebrates, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia;1. College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea;2. Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Defence Road, Lahore, Pakistan;3. Institute of Plant Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea;4. Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea;1. Medical Entomology Unit, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Institut Pasteur International Network, PO Box 983, Phnom Penh, Cambodia;2. Virology Unit, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Institut Pasteur International Network, PO Box 983, Phnom Penh, Cambodia;3. Epidemiology and Public Health Unit, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Institut Pasteur International Network, PO Box 983, Phnom Penh, Cambodia;4. UMR ASTRE, CIRAD, INRAE, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France;5. UMR EPIA, VetAgro Sup, INRAE, Marcy l''étoile, France;1. The Botanical Gardens, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 112–0001, Japan;2. Department of Applied Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt;3. Department of Entomology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan;4. Laboratory of Systems Ecology, Faculty of Agriculture, Saga University, Saga 840–8502, Japan |
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| Abstract: | The behavior and effective predation time can affect the prey death in pest biological control programs. This work studied the Podisus nigrispinus (Dallas, 1851) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) behavior on Spodoptera eridania (Cramer, 1782) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) caterpillars, and its implications in case of prey escape. The preference bioassay (B1) aimed to verify the caterpillars body region (anterior: head and thorax; median and posterior) preferred by the predator and its implication in prey mortality. The predation duration bioassay considered the following effective predation times: 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64 and 128 min; the caterpillars were removed after each predation time, to simulate prey escape, and the dead were counted until the seventh day. This experiment was performed in two ways: with randomly selected and not repeated predators (B2); and with the same predators in successive times (B3). The predator preferred to attack the caterpillars anterior region. The caterpillars mortality increased with increasing effective predation time. The mortality was 90% after 64 min under B2. This value was estimated for 16 min under B3. The P. nigrispinus prefers to attack the caterpillars anterior region and mortality of S. eridania caterpillars was favored in predators that have suffered predation interruption. |
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| Keywords: | Biological control Predation time Predator Prey escape |
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