Study of the departure of pine wood nematode,Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae) from Monochamus alternatus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China;2. Institute of Forest Protection, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China;1. Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-336 Tehran, Iran;2. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran;1. School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea;2. Deapartment of Food Sciences, Institute of Postharvest Technology and Food Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion 7528809, Israel;1. Microbiological Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, South Korea;2. Department of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Hannam University, Daejeon, South Korea;3. Natural History Museum, Hannam University, Daejeon, South Korea;4. Division of Forestry Research, Chung cheong buk-do Institute of Forest Protection and Management Research, Cheongju, South Korea;5. Natural Enemy Insect Business Division, Osang K-Insect, Guri, South Korea;6. Division of Forest Biodiversity, Korea National Arboretum, Pocheon, South Korea;1. Department of Biomedical Gerontology, Graduate School, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea;2. Ilsong Institute of Life Sciences, Hallym University, Anyang 14066, Republic of Korea;3. Department of Agricultural Biology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea;4. Prime4Dia, Anyang 14066, Republic of Korea;5. Laboratory of Pine Wilt Disease, Division of Forest Insect Pests & Disease, National Institute of Forest Science, Seoul 02455, Republic of Korea |
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| Abstract: | In order to study the causes of pine wood nematode (PWN) departure from Monochamus alternatus, the effects of the feeding behavior of M. alternatus on the start date of the departure of PWN were studied. The start date of the departure of PWN carried by the directly fed M. alternatus was 5–13 d after beetle emergence, mainly concentrated within 6–10 d, with a mean (±SD) of 8.02 ± 1.96 d. The start date of the departure of PWN carried by the M. alternatus fed after starvation was 5–14 d after beetle emergence, mainly concentrated within 6–9 d, with a mean of 7.76 ± 2.28 d. The results show that there was no significant difference in the start departure date of PWN between the two treatments. This shows that the feeding behavior of M. alternatus is not the trigger for PWN departure. At the same time, it was found that the motility of the PWN carried by M. alternatus at 8 d after emergence was significantly greater than that of the PWN carried by the newly emerged M. alternatus. And the PWN carried by M. alternatus at 8 d after emergence was extracted more easily than the PWN carried by newly emerged beetles. These results show that greater motility was associated with easier departure of PWN from M. alternatus. In addition, transcriptome sequencing found that the level of oxidative phosphorylation metabolism of PWN carried by beetles at 8 d after emergence was significantly higher than that in the PWN carried by newly emerged beetle. High oxidative phosphorylation was associated with increased energy production and motility by the PWN and were the internal cause of the start of nematode departure. |
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| Keywords: | Departure Feeding Lipid Motility Pine wood nematode |
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