麻疯树不同种源的结实性差异与初期选择

采用随机完全区组设计对5年生麻疯树Jatropha curcas种源林进行结实性调查。结果表明，不同种源麻疯树单株产种量有不同程度的差异，云南元阳种源最高，达218.96 g，四川盐边种源最低，仅为48.42 g。不同种源麻疯树种子平均含油率也有所不同，广西隆林种源最高，达42.80%，贵州望谟种源最低，为37.23%。单株产种量与种源地纬度、年均气温显著相关，而与种源地无霜期极显著相关，其中与纬度为负相关，与年均气温、无霜期为正相关，说明纬度较低、气温较高和无霜期较长的种源在福建平和县的单株产种量高。而种子平均含油率与各地理气象因子之间没有显著相关性。根据单株产种量和种子平均含油率聚类分析，分别将9个种源分成优、良、中、差4个不同的类别，综合来看，云南东南部和广西西北部可能是麻疯树的优良种源区，该区域内的5个种源，单株产种量达147.43 g，种子平均含油率达41.07%。

Fruit Traits and Early Selection of Jatropha curcas from Different Provenances

The fructification of 5-year-old Jatropha curcas from different provenances was investigated in this study. The results showed that the seed yield per plant of J. curcas from different provenances was significant different. The seed yield per plant from Yuanyang County in Yunnan was highest (218.96 g). The seed yield per plant from Yanbian County in Sichuan was lowest (only 48.42 g). The average seed oil content of J. curcas from different provenances was also significant different. The average seed oil content from Longlin County in Guangxi was highest (42.80%), and the average seed oil content from Wangmo County in Guizhou was lowest, only 37.23%. The seed yield per plant was significantly correlated with the latitude and the average annual temperature of the provenance, and especially was extremely significantly correlated with frost-free season of the provenance. The seed yield per plant was negatively correlated with the latitude, while was positively correlated with the average annual temperature and the frost-free season. It indicated that the yield per plant of the provenance from lower latitude, higher average annual temperature and longer frost-free season was relatively high in Pinghe County, Fujian Province. There was no significant correlation between the average seed oil content and various geographic meteorological factors. According to the Cluster analysis of the seed yield per plant and the seed oil content average, 9 kinds of provenances were divided into 4 different categories: excellent, good, medium, and poor. On the whole, the northwest region of Yunnan Province and the southeast region of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region may be the excellent provenance regions of J. curcas. The seed yield per plant of the five provenances from these regions was reached to 147.43 g, and the average seed oil content reached to 41.07%.