Plasmid-directed mechanisms for bacteriophage defense in lactic streptococci |
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| Authors: | Todd R. Klaenhammer |
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| Affiliation: | Departments of Food Science and Microbiology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7624, U.S.A. |
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| Abstract: | Abstract Genetic studies with lactic streptococci have identified a variety of plasmids coding for systems that interfere with phage adsorption, direct restriction and modification activities, and disrupt various stages in the phage lytic cycle. This review describes mechanisms of phage defense that are plasmid-directed in lactic streptococci, examines the physical and genetic properties of the plasmids involved, and discusses genetic strategies for construction of phage-insensitive starter cultures for dairy fermentations. |
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| Keywords: | Restriction and modification Phage adsorption Genetic transfer Conjugation Phage-insensitive starters |
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