江西与上海青少儿体质状况比较及影响因素分析

目的比较江西和上海儿童青少年生长发育差异及其影响因素。方法利用2000年全国学生体质调研数据，对江西和上海城乡6—22岁青少儿的身高、体重、BMI指数、肺活量体重指数等均值进行比较并作统计检验。结果上海学生体格发育水平明显好于江西学生，城、乡男生身高最大差距分别达7.6cm和10.7cm，城、乡女生身高最大差距分别为5.7cm和8.0cm；BMI指数显示上海学生身体充实度更好，但江西女生成年时体型相对粗壮；肺活量体重发育水平则上海学生显著低于江西学生。结论上海学生的青春期生长突增的开始时间早于江西学生，突增幅度大，增长时间也比后者长；而上海学生应加强户外活动以促进其肺功能。

COMPARATIVE STUDY ON PHYSICAL GROWTH BETWEEN JIANGXI AND SHANGHAI YOUTH

Objective To compare the level of growth and development of children and adolescents of Jiangxi Province and Shanghai Municipality, and to figure out the influencing factors.Methods Using the Chinese national survey on students' physical fitness and health in 2000 to analyze and test the difference on students' stature (cm), body weight (kg), Body Mass Index (kg/m 2) and vital capacity/body weight (ml/kg) between Jiangxi and Shanghai. Results The physical growth level of students in Shanghai is significantly higher than that of Jiangxi students. The maximum differences on stature are 7 6cm and 10 7cm for urban and rural boys respectively, and 5 7cm and 8 0cm for urban and rural girls respectively Analysis on BMI showed that the body of students in Shanghai was much stronger than that of Jiangxi students (except for the females aged above 18); while the level of vital capacity/body weight among students in Shanghai is much lower than that of Jiangxi students. Conclusion Growth spurt appeared earlier in students in Shanghai with greater extent and longer duration than those in Jiangxi, while the former should enhance physical practice to improve their vital capa- city.