Seasonal patterns of carbohydrate translocation and synthesis of structural carbon components in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Typha angustifolia</Emphasis> |
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Authors: | Takashi Asaeda Pratima Sharma Lalith Rajapakse |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Environmental Science and Technology, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-okubo, Sakura Saitama, 338-8570, Japan;(2) Present address: International Centre for Water Hazard and Risk Management (UNESCO-ICHARM), Public Works Research Institute (PWRI), 1-6 Minamihara, Tsukuba-shi Ibaraki-ken, 305-8516, Japan |
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Abstract: | Quantitative studies of material budgets and resource allocation patterns of emergent plants are needed to fully understand
nutrient and carbon cycling in wetlands. Whole-plant translocation patterns of nonstructural carbohydrates and synthesis of
structural carbon were documented using two (shallow and deepwater) populations of Typha angustifolia in floodplain habitats of the Arakawa River, Japan. Monthly and bimonthly measurements of the concentrations of total carbon,
non-structural carbohydrates, and water-soluble carbohydrates, as well as, estimates of standing stocks of aboveground (AG)
and belowground (BG) biomass for both populations from 2002 to 2004 are described here. Annual patterns of carbon gain, rates
of carbohydrate translocation between AG and BG organs, and rates of synthesis of structural carbon were estimated. Upward
translocation supported all AG production for approximately 30 days. Afterward, the fraction of AG production supported by
upward translocation decreased linearly with time, and completely diminished by Day 80 (counted from first day of growth;
March 15). At Day 80, material translocation was directed downward and the percentage of downward translocation relative to
AG net production increased until Day 170; there was a vigorous increase in downward translocation prior to senescence. In
early summer (Day 80–110), more than half of the translocated materials were transformed into structural components, but by
Day 125 only 30% was synthesized into total structural carbohydrates. Prior to senescence, there was a greater percentage
of nonstructural carbohydrates in the rhizomes. Across the growing season (Day 60–153), the total amount of downward translocation
was found to be proportional to AG production and the quantitative evaluation of the carbon budget shed further insight into
the translocation process of this rhizomatous aquatic plants. In addition, insights on the differences between shallow and
deepwater populations were gained. Especially, the deepwater population supported a higher fraction of vertical rhizomes compared
to individuals sampled from the shallow water population.
Handling editor: S. M. Thomaz. |
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Keywords: | Carbohydrate translocation Perennial emergent plant Total nonstructural carbohydrates Typha angustifolia Wetlands |
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