海洋微型和微微型浮游生物的区域分布与影响因素

微型和微微型浮游生物几乎存在于所有的海洋生态系统中,其群落遍布世界各大洋。在大部分海域,微型浮游生物的优势类群为鞭毛藻;原绿球藻是贫营养海域的优势类群,而聚球藻、微微型真核生物和异养细菌主要在营养盐丰富的海域出现,在热带、亚热带和温带的富营养区域占优势。温度、盐度、光照、营养盐可得性、水体稳定性和摄食压力是影响微型和微微型浮游生物的主要因素,各海域主要调控因子的不同造成了微型和微微型浮游生物类群和丰度分布的差异。本文主要综述海洋微型和微微型浮游生物类群检测方法、区域分布特点及其受环境影响的研究概况,并提出了今后的重点研究内容和发展方向。

Distribution of nanoplankton and picoplankton and its affecting factors

Nano-and picoplankton exist in almost all kinds of marine ecosystems,and distribute in all the oceans of the world.In most sea areas,nanoflagellate is the most abundant nanoplankton species.Prochlorococcus dominants in oligotrophic seas.Synechococcus,pico-eukaryotes and heterotrophic bacteria are prevalent in nutrient-rich waters,and are dominant in eutrophic waters of temperate,tropic and subtropical zones.The main controlling factors include temperature,salinity,irradiation,nutrient loading,hydrological stability and grazing pressure,which vary with the difference of areas and result in various population abundances and community structures.This paper reviewed the detecting methods on marine nano-and picoplankton populations,as well as their distribution characters and environmental impacts.This paper also put forward to the key study area and development trends on nano-and picoplankton research in the future.