End-point constraints in aiming movements: effects of approach angle and speed |
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Authors: | Klein Breteler M D Gielen S C Meulenbroek R G |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Experimental Psychology, Nijmegen Institute for Cognition and Information, University of Nijmegen, PO Box 9104, 6500 HE Nijmegen, The Netherlands, NL;(2) Department of Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands, NL |
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Abstract: | The present study focuses on two trajectory-formation models of point-to-point aiming movements, viz., the minimum-jerk and
the minimum torque-change model. To date, few studies on minimum-jerk and minimum torque-change trajectories have incorporated
self- or externally imposed end-point constraints, such as the direction and velocity with which a target area is approached.
To investigate which model accounts best for the effects on movement trajectories of such – in many circumstances – realistic
end-point constraints, we adjusted both the minimum-jerk and the minimum torque-change model so that they could generate trajectories
of which the final part has a specific direction and speed. The adjusted models yield realistic trajectories with a high curvature
near movement completion. Comparison of simulated and measured movement trajectories show that pointing movements that are
constrained with respect to final movement direction and speed can be described in terms of minimization of joint-torque changes.
Received: 7 July 1999 / Accepted in revised form: 8 January 2001 |
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