Induction of glutathione S-transferase activity and glutathione level in plants exposed to glyphosate |
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Authors: | M. Uotila,G. Gullner,T. Kö mives |
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Affiliation: | Dept of Botany, Univ. of Helsinki, P.O. Box 7, SF-O0014 Helsinki, Finland:;Plant Protection Inst. Hungarian Acad. Sci., P.O. Box 102, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary. |
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Abstract: | Treatment with the herbicide glyphosate led to significantly increased activities of the enzyme gluiathione S-transferase (GST, EC 2.5.1.18) in wheat ( Triticum aestivum L. cv. Kadett and cv. Satu), pea ( Pisum sativum L. ev. Debreceni Világoszöld) and in maize ( Zea mays. L. Pioneer 3839 hybrid) tissues. GST activities in wheat seedlings (cv. Kadett) exposed to 960 μM glyphosate for 4 days were ca 6-fold and 3-fold higher in shoots and roots, respectively, than in the controls. Glyphosate increased the GST activity to a lesser extent in pea and maize than in wheat. In wheat seedlings (cv. Satu) exposed let 120 μM glyphosate gradual increases in the content of non-protein thiols were observed. After 7 days exposure to glyphosate the thiol levels rose to about 360% and 220% of the controls in wheal shoots and roots, respectively. The elevation of thiol content in glyphosate-treated plants was shown to be primarily due increases of glutathione level. These results suggest that the enhanced glutathione metabolism may have a role in the mode of action or degradation of this herbicide. |
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Keywords: | Glutathione S-transferase glyphosate maize pea Pisum sativum thiol. Triticum aestivum wheat Zea mays. |
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