中国近海文蛤属(双壳纲,帘蛤科)的系统分类学研究

长期以来,我国的文蛤分类存在着严重的问题和混乱现象,它已影响和制约了我国文蛤的水产养殖和遗传育种等相关研究。利用比较形态学和分子生物学技术,对我国沿海分布的文蛤属进行了系统的分类学研究,澄清了混淆种,修订了物种名称,确立了我国沿海文蛤的分类地位,对文蛤属的分类系统进行分子重建。结果表明短文蛤和丽文蛤为近缘种先聚到一起,然后与斧文蛤聚到一起,而琴文蛤、文蛤与该属其它 3 种文蛤的分歧时间较早。研究结果将为文蛤的分类研究、遗传育种、资源保护和利用提供科学依据。

TAXONOMIC STUDY ON MERETRIX( BIVALVIA, VENERIDAE) FROM CHINA SEAS

Most species of bivalves in the genus Meretrix are important commercial clams and distributed in coastal areas of China.W hereas,species identification and classification within the genus Meretrix is frequently confused in literature,e.g.the specific name M.meretix has been used for various species,which have seriously restricted the researches of Meretrix aquaculture and breeding program.In present study,we clarified the confusable species and revised the species name of five Meretrix species in Chinese coastalzones base on combination of morphological and molecular analyses.Furthermore,the geographic distributions of these five Meretrix species were confirmed.M olecular phylogenetic analysis based on the CO Ⅰ sequences showed that M.petechialis and M.lusoria cluster together then cluster with M.lamarckii,whereas M.meretrix and M.lyrata derived early from a common ancestor compared with the other three species.