Community structure and stability analysis for intraguild interactions among host, parasitoid, and predator

Intraguild predation (IGP) occurs when one species preys on a competitor species that shares a common resource. Modifying a prey–predator model with prey infection, we propose a model of IG interactions among host, parasitoid, and predator, in which the predator eats parasitized and unparasitized hosts, and the adult parasitoid density is explicitly expressed. Parameter dependences of community structure, including stability of the system, were analytically obtained. Depending on interaction strength (parasitization and predation on unparasitized and parasitized hosts), the model provides six types of community structure: (1) only the host exists, (2) the host and predator coexist stably, (3) the host and parasitoid coexist stably, (4) the host–parasitoid population dynamics are unstable, (5) the three species coexist stably, and (6) the population dynamics of the three species are unstable. In contrast to a traditional prey–predator model with prey infection, which predicts that population dynamics are always locally stable, our model predicts that they are unstable when the parasitization rate is high.