Elevated hepatic iron: A confounding factor in chronic hepatitis C |
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Authors: | Harriet C. Isom Emily I. McDevitt Mi Sun Moon |
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Affiliation: | 1. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Pennsylvania State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA;2. Department of Pathology, The Pennsylvania State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA |
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Abstract: | Historically, iron overload in the liver has been associated with the genetic disorders hereditary hemochromatosis and thalassemia and with unusual dietary habits. More recently, elevated hepatic iron levels also have been observed in chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Iron overload in the liver causes many changes including induction of oxidative stress, damage to lysosomes and mitochondria, altered oxidant defense systems and stimulation of hepatocyte proliferation. Chronic HCV infection causes numerous pathogenic changes in the liver including induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress, the unfolded protein response, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and altered growth control. Understanding the molecular and cellular changes that could occur in a liver which has elevated hepatic iron levels and in which HCV replication and gene expression are ongoing has clinical relevance and represents an area of research in need of further investigation. |
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Keywords: | Iron overload Hemochromatosis Acetaminophen Hepatitis C virus Thalassemia Oxidative damage |
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