从肠道菌群及色氨酸代谢角度探讨中药在三阴性乳腺癌中作用的研究进展

三阴性乳腺癌属于免疫原性较强的乳腺癌亚型，由于缺乏有效的治疗靶点，仍属于难以治疗的乳腺癌类型。越来越多的研究表明，肠道菌群可通过干预宿主或微生物的色氨酸代谢，重塑肿瘤免疫微环境，从而影响三阴性乳腺癌的发生、发展及免疫治疗疗效。中药在以往的研究中已被证实可以有效调节肠道稳态，抑制炎症反应，促进肿瘤细胞的凋亡等。然而，肠道菌群及其代谢物与三阴性乳腺癌之间的中医机制尚不明确。因此，本文在中医辨证乳腺癌基础理论的基础上，回顾以往的文献，从肠道菌群和色氨酸代谢的角度出发，梳理中药对肠道菌群及其代谢物质的干预作用，探索其抗肿瘤的机制，以期能为中西医结合治疗三阴性乳腺癌提供新的思路和方法。

Role of traditional Chinese medicine in triple-negative breast in terms of gut microbiota and tryptophan metabolism: research progress

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype of breast cancer with strong immunogenicity. Due to lack of effective therapeutic targets, TNBC is still a refractory type of breast cancer. More and more studies have shown that gut microbiota can influence the occurrence and development of TNBC, and the efficacy of immunotherapy by intervening the tryptophan metabolism of host or microorganisms and reshaping the tumor immune microenvironment. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been proved to be effective in promoting cell apoptosis, regulating intestinal homeostasis and inhibiting inflammatory responses in TNBC in previous studies. However, the mechanisms of TCM intervening gut microbiota and its metabolites and TNBC remain unclear. Therefore, on the basis of basic TCM theory of syndrome differentiation of breast cancer and in the perspective of gut microbiota and tryptophan metabolisms, this article reviewed previous literatures, summarized the intervening effect of TCM on gut microbiota and its metabolites, and explored its anti-tumor mechanisms, hoping to provide new ideas and methods for the treatment of TNBC with integrated TCM and western medicine.