首荟通便胶囊对术后肠麻痹小鼠肠道功能的影响及机制研究

探讨首荟通便（Shou-Hui Tongbian，SHTB）胶囊对小鼠术后肠麻痹（postoperative ileus，POI）的作用，并从肠道菌群平衡方面探讨其可能的作用机制。

采用经典小肠干扰术建立小鼠POI模型，将30只小鼠随机分成对照组（Control组）、模型组（POI组）、阳性参照莫沙必利组（MSBL组）、SHTB胶囊低剂量组（SHTB-L组）和SHTB胶囊高剂量组（SHTB-H组），每组6只。Control组和POI组小鼠灌胃生理盐水、MSBL组小鼠灌胃莫沙必利溶液（2.6 mg/kg）、SHTB-L组与SHTB-H组小鼠灌胃SHTB溶液（0.619 g/kg、1.238 g/kg），每天1次，连续给药2 d。采用墨汁推进法检测小鼠的肠道蠕动能力；应用H&;E染色法观察小鼠肠道组织结构；利用16S rRNA基因高通量测序技术解析肠道菌群结构并确定SHTB胶囊发挥作用的关键菌。

与Control组相比，POI组小鼠肠道蠕动能力显著减弱（q=7.263，P＜0.001），小肠黏膜中性粒细胞和淋巴细胞增多并伴有充血，组织发生水肿，肠道菌群物种总数降低，有益菌Parvibacter等的相对丰度显著降低（t=3.340，P=0.008），有害菌Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group等的相对丰度显著升高（U=2，P=0.009）；药物治疗后上述变化有不同程度的减轻，与POI组相比，SHTB-L组、SHTB-H组和MSBL组小鼠肠道蠕动能力均显著提升（均P＜0.010），炎症、水肿和充血等肠道病理改变明显好转；SHTB组小鼠肠道菌群物种总数有所提高，其中Parvibacter等的相对丰度显著升高（U=5，P=0.041），Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group相对丰度显著降低（U=3，P=0.015）。

SHTB胶囊可通过调节小肠黏膜关键菌的平衡来改善POI小鼠肠道病理改变，促进肠道蠕动。

Effect of Shou-Hui Tongbian Capsules on intestinal function in mice with postoperative ileus

ObjectiveTo observe the effect of Shou-Hui Tongbian (SHTB) Capsules on postoperative ileus (POI) in mice, and explore its possible mechanism from the perspective of balance of gut microbiota. MethodsPOI model was established using classical small intestine interference technique. Thirty mice were randomly divided into Control group, POI group, positive control MSBL group, SHTB-L group, and SHTB-H group, with 6 mice in each group. The Control group and POI group were given physiological saline, the MSBL group was given Mosapride capsule solution (2.6 mg/kg), and the SHTB-L and SHTB-H groups were given SHTB capsule solution (0.619 g/kg, 1.238 g/kg), qd by gavage for 2 consecutive days. Ink propulsion method was used to detect the intestinal peristalsis ability of mice; H&E staining method to observe the intestinal tissue structure; 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing technology to analyze the structure of intestinal microbiota and identify the key bacteria. ResultsCompared with the Control group, the intestinal peristalsis ability of POI group mice was significantly reduced, with an increase in neutrophils and lymphocytes in the small intestine mucosa accompanied by congestion, edema in tissue, a decrease in the total number of gut microbiota species, a significant decrease in the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria Parvibater (t=3.340, P=0.008), and a significant increase in the relative abundance of harmful bacteria Rikenellaceae_ RC9_gut_group (U=2, P=0.009). The above changes had been alleviated to varying degrees after medication treatment. Compared with the POI group, the intestinal peristalsis ability of mice in SHTB-L, SHTB-H, and MSBL groups were significantly improved (all P＜0.010), the intestinal pathological changes such as inflammation, edema, and congestion were significantly improved; the total number of gut microbiota species increased, with a significant increase in Parvibacter relative abundance (U=5, P=0.041) and significant decrease in Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group relative abundance (U=3, P=0.015). ConclusionShou-Hui Tongbian Capsules can promote intestinal peristalsis and improve intestinal pathological changes in POI mice by regulating the imbalance of key bacteria in the small intestine mucosa.