基于“咸入肾”理论探讨肠－肾轴与盐敏感性高血压的相关性

《素问•经脉别论》云：“生病起于过用”。人体疾病的产生在于体内阴阳失衡，风、火、痰、瘀之邪内生。因此，人体物质摄入之“度”是机体阴阳平衡与脏腑相和的重要前提。盐敏感性高血压很好地反映了高盐摄入与高血压显著相关，中医认为咸味入肾，胜血伤肝，助湿伤脾，使阳亢风动，痰湿中阻，导致风逆于上，气滞于中，水行不畅，进而引肝风上扰清窍，清阳滞于中州，导致血压升高。而肠－肾轴理论从肠道微生态角度说明了肠道菌群在调控血压中的重要作用。本文就肠－肾轴与盐敏感性高血压的关系进行探讨，以期从新的视角为高血压的早期防治提供干预方案。

Correlation between gut-kidney axis and salt-sensitive hypertension based on the theory of "salty into the kidney"

"Plain questions - Meridian theory" explained that "illness arises from overuse". The generation of human diseases lies in the imbalance of Yin and Yang in the body, and the endogenous evils of wind, fire, phlegm and blood stasis. Therefore, the "degree" of substance intake by human body is an important prerequisite for the balance of Yin and Yang in the body and the harmony of viscera. Salt sensitive hypertension reflected very well the close correlation between high salt intake and hypertension. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that salty taste enters into the kidney, hurts blood and liver, aggravates dampness and hurts spleen; it makes excess of Yang, disturbance of internal wind and obstructed phlegm dampness, leading to wind evil on the top, Qi stagnated in the middle, and unsmoothingly flow of liquid, which further leads to upward liver wind disturbing the brain, and clear Yang being stagnated in internal organs, eventually resulting in increased blood pressure. The theory of gut-kidney axis illustrates the important role of intestinal flora in the regulation of blood pressure from the perspective of intestinal microecology. This article discusses the correlation between "gut-kidney axis" and hypertension, in order to provide intervention programs for early prevention and treatment of hypertension from a new perspective.