The introduction of the stilbene synthase gene enhances the natural antiradical activity of Lycopersicon esculentum mill |
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Authors: | R Morelli S Das A Bertelli R Bollini R Lo Scalzo D K Das M Falchi |
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Institution: | (1) C.N.R. (National Council of Research) – Institute of Molecular Science and Technology, Milan, Italy;(2) Department of Medical Pharmacology, Chemotherapy and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy;(3) C.N.R. (National Council of Research) – Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology, Milan, Italy;(4) I.V.T.P.A. (Institute for the Technological Development of Agricultural Products), Milan, Italy;(5) Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, 06030-1110, Connecticut, USA |
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Abstract: | Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) is a vegetable rich in antioxidants, such as lycopene, lutein, and zeaxanthin. Their presence is responsible for the characteristic
ability of this product to inhibit the formation of reactive oxygen species, including singlet oxygen. The grapes and wines
derived from grapes also contain powerful antioxidants. The antioxidant effect is derived from the polyphenols such as resveratrol
and proanthocyanidin. Resveratrol is phytoalexin that is synthesized via the activation of the gene, stilbene synthase (STS).
We decided to determine if the introduction of this gene into Lycopersicon esculentum Mill could modify its antioxidant activity. Using Electronic Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, which permits the
detection of antiradical activity, especially •OH (hydroxyl radical), we showed that the antioxidant activity of the products, into which the gene STS had been introduced,
was almost double than that of natural products and that their activity was especially pronounced due to ripening. Moreover,
resveratrol concentrations in modified tomatoes were much higher than that found in the individual fruit. In the isolated
hearts subjected to ischemia/reperfusion, the rats fed with modified tomato exhibited better cardiac performance, reduced
myocardial infarct size and decreased number of apoptotic cardiomyocytes, and reduced oxidative stress compared to unmodified
tomato or resveratrol alone indicating superior cardioprotective abilities of modified tomatoes. |
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Keywords: | antioxidant grape lycopene resveratrol tomato transgenic wine |
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