Morphology and molecular phylogeny of the benthic dinoflagellates (Dinophyceae,Peridiniales) Amphidiniopsis crumena n. sp. and Amphidiniopsis nileribanjensis n. sp. |
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| Institution: | 1. Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, North 10, West 8, Sapporo 060-0810 Japan;2. Senckenberg am Meer, German Centre for Marine Biodiversity Research, Südstrand 44, D-26382 Wilhelmshaven, Germany;3. University of Technology Sydney, School of Life Sciences, 15 Broadway, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia;4. Garvan-Weizmann Centre for Cellular Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia;5. Institute for International Collaboration, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0808 Japan;1. Department Biologie, Systematische Botanik und Mykologie, GeoBio-Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Menzinger Str. 67, D-80 638 München, Germany;2. Department of Botany, School of Biology and Chemistry, University of Osnabrück, Barbarastr. 11, D-49076 Osnabrück, Germany;1. College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi''an 710069, China;2. Xijing University, Xi''an 710123, China;1. University of Cologne, Cologne Biocenter, Institute of Zoology, General Ecology, Zuelpicher Str. 47b, D-50674 Cologne, Germany;2. Technical University of Denmark, National Institute of Aquatic Resources (DTU Aqua), Kemitorvet, Bygning 201, DK 2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark;3. School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK |
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| Abstract: | Amphidiniopsis is a benthic, heterotrophic and thecate dinoflagellate genus that has a smaller epitheca and larger hypotheca. The genus contains 24 described species, but is considered to be polyphyletic based on morphological characters and molecular phylogenetics. In this study, two new species were discovered from two distant sampling localities, Amphidiniopsis crumena sp. nov. from Japan, and Amphidiniopsis nileribanjensis sp. nov., from Australia. These species have a uniquely shaped, additional second postcingular plate. Both species are dorsoventrally flattened, an apical hook is present, and have six postcingular plates. The plate formula is: APC 4′ 3a 7″ ?C 4?S 6″′ 2″″. The cells of these species were examined with LM and SEM, and molecular phylogenic analyses were performed using 18S and 28S rDNA. These species are distinguished by the presence of spines on the hypotheca and touching of the sixth postcingular plate and the anterior sulcal plate. Their shape and disposition of several thecal plates also differ. Molecular phylogenetic analyses showed that the two new species formed a monophyletic clade and did not belong to any morphogroup proposed by previous studies. Considering the morphological features and the molecular phylogenetic results, a new morphogroup is proposed, Amphidiniopsis morphogroup VI (‘crumena group’). |
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| Keywords: | Biodiversity Heterotrophic protist Microscopy Morphogroup Taxonomy |
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