Tuberculosis unleashed: the impact of human immunodeficiency virus infection on the host granulomatous response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis |
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Authors: | Lawn Stephen D Butera Salvatore T Shinnick Thomas M |
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Affiliation: | Tuberculosis/Mycobacteriology Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Public Health Service, US Department of Health and Human Services, 1600 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA. stevelawn@yahoo.co.uk |
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Abstract: | The granuloma plays a critical role in the host immune response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis, containing the organism and confining it in a latent state in most infected individuals. Indeed, approximately one-third of the world's population has latent M. tuberculosis infection. However, over the past decade, the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) pandemic has profoundly affected the incidence and clinicopathological features of tuberculosis. This review examines the immunological mechanisms whereby HIV-1 impairs the establishment, maintenance and function of the tuberculous granuloma. |
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