Voltage-dependent C-type inactivation in a constitutively open K+ channel |
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Authors: | Panaghie Gianina Purtell Kerry Tai Kwok-Keung Abbott Geoffrey W |
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Institution: | * Greenberg Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Cornell University, Weill Medical College, New York, New York † Department of Pharmacology, Cornell University, Weill Medical College, New York, New York ‡ The Parkinson’s and Movement Disorder Research Laboratory, Long Beach Memorial Medical Center, Long Beach, California |
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Abstract: | Most voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channels undergo C-type inactivation during sustained depolarization. The voltage dependence and other mechanistic aspects of this process are debated, and difficult to elucidate because of concomitant voltage-dependent activation. Here, we demonstrate that MinK-KCNQ1 (IKs) channels with an S6-domain mutation, F340W in KCNQ1, exhibit constitutive activation but voltage-dependent C-type inactivation. F340W-IKs inactivation was sensitive to extracellular cation concentration and species, and it altered ion selectivity, suggestive of pore constriction. The rate and extent of F340W-IKs inactivation and recovery from inactivation were voltage-dependent with physiologic intracellular ion concentrations, and in the absence or presence of external K+, with an estimated gating charge, zi, of ∼1. Finally, double-mutant channels with a single S4 charge neutralization (R231A,F340W-IKs) exhibited constitutive C-type inactivation. The results suggest that F340W-IKs channels exhibit voltage-dependent C-type inactivation involving S4, without the necessity for voltage-dependent opening, allosteric coupling to voltage-dependent S6 transitions occurring during channel opening, or voltage-dependent changes in ion occupancy. The data also identify F340 as a critical hub for KCNQ1 gating processes and their modulation by MinK, and present a unique system for further mechanistic studies of the role of coupling of C-type inactivation to S4 movement, without contamination from voltage-dependent activation. |
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