Proteomic identification and characterization of Vibrio vulnificus proteins induced upon exposure to INT-407 intestinal epithelial cells

Proteomic analysis led to identification of the proteins of Vibrio vulnificus that were induced upon exposure to INT-407 cells, and 7 of which belong to the functional categories such as amino acid transport/metabolism, nucleotide transport/metabolism, posttranslational modification/protein turnover/chaperones, and translation. Among the genes encoding the host-induced proteins, disruption of purH, trpD, tsaA, and groEL2 resulted in reduced cytotoxicity. The purH, trpD, and tsaA mutants showed impaired growth in the INT-407 lysate; however, the growth rate of the groEL2 mutant was not significantly changed, indicating that the possible roles of the host-induced proteins in the virulence of V. vulnificus are rather versatile.