Protein degradation and nitrogen remobilization during leaf senescence |
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Authors: | Juan Liu Yun Hai Wu Jun Jie Yang Yu Dong Liu Fa Fu Shen |
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Affiliation: | (1) State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, 271018 Taian, Shandong, China |
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Abstract: | Leaf senescence, a type of programmed cell death, is a complex and highly regulated process that involves the degradation of macromolecules, including proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids. Nutrients, especially nitrogen, are re-mobilized from senescing leaves to newly developing tissues or reserve organs. Our review focuses on three pathways for protein breakdown and the resorption of N during this process: the ubiquitin/proteosome system, the chloroplast degradation pathway, and the vacuolar and autophagic pathway. We propose that two relative biochemical cycles exist for amino acid recycling and N-export — the GS/GOGAT cycle and the PPDK-GS/GOGAT cycle. |
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Keywords: | CS/COGAT pathway leaf senescence nitrogen (N) resorption PPDK-CS/GOGAT pathway programmed cell death (PCD) protein degradation |
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