气-水两生型丝孢真菌的多样性与分类研究

气-水两生型真菌通常定植于自然森林生态系统中溪流或池塘沉积的腐枝叶上,菌丝生长于水体底部,当沉积物暴露于空气中时,形成分生孢子并发育成中空的孢子繁殖体,使其能漂浮在水面,附着新的基质,进行生长繁殖。世界范围内已报道约20属116种,大多为无性型的丝孢菌,其独特的生存环境和产孢特点,在真菌的形态、生态和系统演化上有重要研究价值。文中主要从多样性和分类学、采集与分离培养、孢子形态和发育、有性型-无性型关系、系统演化关系等方面对其进行了综述,为该类真菌系统的研究及潜在的应用提供参考。

Diversity and Taxonomy of Aero-Aquatic Hyphomycetes

Aero-aquatic fungi generally grow on the plant litters at the bottom of water and produce propagules on water surface.This type of propagules can float on water surface and colonize new materials.More than 20 genera 116 species have been reported worldwide and almost all of them belong to Hyphomycetes.Distinctive habitat and sporulation mode of these fungi show an important value on researching fungal morphology,ecology,phylogeny and evolution.This paper is intended to systematically review the taxonomy of the aero-aquatic hyphomycetes,including their species and diversity,methods of collection and culture,morphology,classification and identification of propagules,connections between their teleomorph and anamorph, relationships with their phylogeny and evolution.Finally,some consultations about the research and potential application of this group of fungi are provided.