Biodiversity conservation,yield, and alternative products in coffee agroecosystems in Sumatra,Indonesia |
| |
Authors: | Email author" target="_blank">Stacy?M?PhilpottEmail author Peter?Bichier Robert?A?Rice Russell?Greenberg |
| |
Institution: | (1) Smithsonian Migratory Bird Center, National Zoological Park, 3001 Connecticut Ave. NW, Washington, DC 20008, USA;(2) Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Toledo, 2801 W. Bancroft St, Toledo, OH 43606, USA |
| |
Abstract: | Agroecology and conservation must overlap to protect biodiversity and farmer livelihoods. Coffee agroecosystems with complex
shade canopies protect biodiversity. Yet, few have examined biodiversity in coffee agroecosystems in Asia relative to the
Americas and many question whether coffee agroecosystems can play a similar role for conservation. We examined vegetation,
ant and bird diversity, coffee yields and revenues, and harvest of alternative products in coffee farms and forests in SW
Sumatra, Indonesia near Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park (BBS). BBS is among the last habitats for large mammals in Sumatra
and >15,000 families illegally cultivate coffee inside of BBS. As a basis for informing management recommendations, we compared
the conservation potential and economic outputs from farms inside and outside of BBS. Forests had higher canopy cover, canopy
depth, tree height, epiphyte loads, and more emergent trees than coffee farms. Coffee farms inside BBS had more epiphytes
and trees and fewer coffee plants than farms outside BBS. Tree, ant, and bird richness was significantly greater in forests
than in coffee farms, and richness did not differ in coffee farms inside and outside of BBS. Species similarity of forest
and coffee trees, ants, and birds was generally low (<50%). Surprisingly, farms inside the park were significantly older,
but farm size, coffee yields, and revenues from coffee did not depend on farm location. Farmers outside BBS received higher
prices for their coffee and also more often produced other crops in their coffee fields such that incentives could be created
to draw illegal farmers out of the park. We also discuss these results with reference to similar work in Chiapas, Mexico to
compare the relative contribution of coffee fields to conservation in the two continents, and discuss implications for working
with farmers in Sumatra towards conservation plans incorporating sustainable coffee production. |
| |
Keywords: | Alternative products Ants Birds Coffee agroecosystem Indonesia Revenue Species similarity Trees |
本文献已被 SpringerLink 等数据库收录! |
|